Thermal comfort index for sheep

Authors

  • Orlando Rus Barbosa Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Zootecnia, Maringá, PR
  • Roberto Gomes da Silva Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Melhoramento Genético Animal, Jaboticabal, SP

Keywords:

rectal temperature, respiration rate, sheep, thermal comfort index

Abstract

It was observed 137 sheep (50 corriedale, 41 suffolk and 46 ideal) 12 to 84 months old, in two locations: at Jaboticabal, SP ((21º15€™ S 48º18€™ W and 595m high), 30 castrated corriedale males. 20 suffolk and 26 ideal females were used, and at Cidade Gaúcha, PR (23°22€™ S, 52°56€™W and 550m high), 20 corriedale, 21 suffolk and 20 ideal were used, all of them females. The following environmental variables were considered: environmental temperature (Et), air vapour pressure (e), relative humidity (Rh), wind speed (w) and radiant heat load (Rhl); physiological variables were: rectal temperature (Tr), skin temperature (Te), inner woolcoat temperature (Tiv), back surface temperature (Tsv) and respiratory rate (Fr). The animals were observed under shade and under direct sunlight. at 8:30 AM and at 13:00 PM. A thermal comfort index was developed to evaluate environmental conditions for sheep breeding. The new index equation is TCI = 0.66778 Ta + 0.4969 e + 0.5444 tg + 0.1038 w, where Ta is the air temperature (°C), e is  the partial vapour pressure (kPa), tg is the globe temperature (ºC) and w is the wind speed (m.s-1) The index is compared to the THI (temperature-humidity index) and to BGHI (Black-globe humidity index), presenting high correlations with rectal temperature (r= 0.475) and respiration rate (r= 0.619). Three sheep breeds (Corriedale, Polwarth and Suffolk) were evaluated under TCI values from 20 to 50.

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Published

2014-01-14

Issue

Section

ANIMAL HEALTH

How to Cite

Thermal comfort index for sheep. (2014). Bulletin of Animal Husbandry, 52(1), 29-35. http://bia.iz.sp.gov.br/index.php/bia/article/view/799

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